Republic or Empire? 共和国还是帝国？

Sort ten facts into the Roman Republic or the Roman Empire, put five events in order, and explain the change. Teacher copy has an answer key.

TipWord bank

Government: republic · senate · consul · emperor · empire
Army: legion

1. Sort the facts

Write each letter in the right column.

A. Two consulsconsul 执政官One of two top leaders of the Roman Republic, chosen for one year.History Vocab ↗ lead for one year.
B. Augustus rules for life.
C. Citizens elect their leaders.
D. The ruler’s face is on every coin.
E. Romans have just removed their last king.

F. About 200 years of peace, the Pax Romana.
G. No one person may hold all the power.
H. The Colosseum is finished in AD 80.
I. Julius Caesar is a general.
J. The western half falls in AD 476.

Republic 共和国 (509–27 BC)

Empire 帝国 (27 BC – AD 476)

2. Put them in order

Number the events from 1 (first) to 5 (last).

☐ Augustus becomes the first emperor
☐ Rome becomes a republic
☐ The western empire falls
☐ Julius Caesar is killed
☐ The Colosseum is finished

3. Explain the change

Why did some Romans want to keep the republicrepublic 共和国Government where citizens elect leaders to rule for them.History Vocab ↗, even when an emperoremperor 皇帝A single ruler of an empire, usually for life.History Vocab ↗ brought peace?

Some Romans wanted to keep the republic because …

NoteAnswer key

1. Republic: A, C, E, G, I. Empire: B, D, F, H, J.

2. 1 Rome becomes a republic (509 BC); 2 Julius Caesar is killed (44 BC); 3 Augustus becomes the first emperor (27 BC); 4 the Colosseum is finished (AD 80); 5 the western empire falls (AD 476).

3. Any reasoned answer: citizens lost their vote over leaders; one person held all the power; an emperor could be cruel or weak, and no one could replace him for a year.